New Zealand Work

NZ work

a. What caused the Earthquake was an aftershock from the previous quake before. Although it reached 6.3 magnitudes (which was not as large as the original quake) the aftershock was considerably shallower than the first one. Original: 10 km deep After Shock : 5km deep

b. Christchurch

c. The official death toll from the disaster stands at 155 but police on Tuesday said it was likely to climb above 240, up from a previous estimate of more than 200.

d. The shock brought down entire office blocks and tore up roads as it reduced much of central Christchurch to smouldering ruins.  At Wellington Cathedral in the capital, the numbers spilled over onto the building's steps, with many weeping openly.

But with Christchurch facing a reconstruction bill estimated at up to NZ$16 billion ($12 billion), Finance Minister Bill English warned New Zealand's already struggling economy now faced "close to zero growth".

e) -The 16 Billion reconstruction bill

    - The possible aftershocks that could possibly cause more damage.

     -Possibly more casualties and deaths

f) This quake has been said to of been New Zealand's worst natural disaster in 80 years. It has caused immense amounts of damage to the poor major city, with considerable amounts of deaths, injuries and other casualties. I believe that any governments surrounding (especially Australia) should look to support and aid this country to rebuild, re-kindle and reconstruct a broken city.

1.6

1.6

1. Weather is the day to day conditions of a particular place, and the climate is the pattern of weather that is expected in a particular place, based on the experience of previous 30 years

2. The Earth receives more of the Sun’s energy at the Equator than at the poles so temperatures are the highest at the Equator and decrease as latitude increases.

3. High Pressure associated with sinking air brings dry settled weather. Low pressure caused by rising air brings unsettled weather. Australia is dominated by high pressure with low pressure in the north during summer and in the sound during winter.

4. Through Ocean Currents. Currents from nearer the poles bring cooler conditions and those from nearer the Equator bring warmer conditions.

5. Temperature decreases with height. Moist air that is forced to rise by mountains cools, and the water vapour condenses, producing increases cloud cover and precipitation. Highland areas are cooler and wetter than lowland areas. 

6. a. The knowledge of knowing the average temperatures for an Australian farmer is quite an adavantage. It will be a great indication for the farmer for when he is to plant his crops or to and how to look after his produce and animals.

     b. The usefulness of knowing the average climate statistics for an Australian Tourist would be very beneficial. It would help them by being a good suggestion of what clothes to bring and what equipment and what is a good time to visit Australia.

7. The relationship between climate and vegetation is quite significant. For example as rainfall decreases towards the centre of the continents trees give way to shrubs and then low-growing desert plants. Basically the climate at a certain time really indicates what plants and vegetation are being grown and which plants are being destroyed or otherwise.  

8. a-

     b. The limitations are that it will not show the maximum and minimum climates in a certain place. Also it’s not indicating what exact temperatures are going to happen and aren’t always the most accurate.

9. a. Alice Springs

    b. Melbourne  

Predicting the Weather

My Exchange student is from Havana, Cuba, as seen above ^ its shows the weather averages over there. Its maximum temperature seems to be in august reaching 31 degrees Celsius, which is pretty hot, just like over here in Australia. In January, obviously winter time, it seems that the temperature can get down to around 14.5 degrees, which is pretty cold. I expect when it is my turn to travel to his home country( which is in May) i look to bring normal weather clothes, with maybe some jumpers and a few pairs of board shorts. As in May in Cuba it seems hot but still just after winter has finished.  

As seen above ^ is the Australian (Sydney) graph of yearly temperature. It shows that in July to August, Australia, can get considerably low in temperature. But near Christmas time (when My Cuban Exchange is visiting Australia) in January, the real Aussie Sun will show, reaching a average of about 26.5 degrees Celsius. I am to tell my companion from Havana to bring some beach clothes (boardies, t-shirts etc) for the hot Australian Sun, but also to bring some tracksuits or long sleeved tops to rug up when it gets cold at night. I also am to tell him to bring some snow clothes for our trip to thredbo BELOW VVV

In my Cubans time spent over here in Australia, I intend to take a visit to Thredbo with him to show him that Australia does have some snow and cold climate. The graph above explains itself, reaching below -10 in records and -5 on average. Thredbo village does have snow fall and I intend to tell my exchange to bring some snow gear for the cold temperatures.

1.5

Chapter 1.5

1.     1, The western plateau, the Central Lowlands, and the Eastern Highlands

2.     2, The alps stretch from the Brindabella range north of Canberra to the Baw Baw Range east of Melbourne.

3.     3, They are rounded as they are very prone to erosion and weathering over millions of  years

4.      

5.     5, 35 km south west of Alice Springs

6.     6, Uluru lies on the southern edge of an area known as the Amadeus Basin. Millions of years sediments have been collected under the rock and compressed into actual rock. The Rocks erode and result in it growing and leaving Uluru exposed

7.     7, An area of land that is drained by a river and its tributaries

8.     8, Murray Darling Basin and the Lake Eyre Basin

9.     9, Murray – Darling

Lake Eyre Basin

Franklin River remains wild and free

10.  10, Evaporation

11.  11, The oldest river bad In the world. Only flows a few days each year

12.  12, 125 KM from the Cheyne range it has become synonymous with conservation in Australia ever since the ‘Battle to Save the Franklin’ rescued it from damming for hydroelectric power in 1980s.

13.  13, High Court of Australia in July 1983 that gave commonwealth power over the states.

14.  S

15.  15. Western Plateau; The Western Plateau is Australia's largest drainage division and is composed predominantly of the remains of the ancient rock shield ofGondwanaland. It incorporates two thirds of the continent; 2,700,000 square kilometres of arid land including large parts of Western Australia, South Australia, and the Northern Territory. For comparison, it is roughly four times the size of Texas, or the same size as the whole of continental Europe from Poland west to Portugal. It is Australia's largest drainage division.  

Central Lowlands; The Central Lowlands orMidland Valley is a geologically defined area of relatively low-lying land in southern Scotland. It consists of a rift valley between the Highland Boundary Fault to the north and the Southern Uplands Fault to the south. The Central Lowlands are one of the three main geographical sub-divisions of Scotland, the other two being the Highlands and Islands which lie to the north and west and the Southern Uplands, which lie south of the associated second fault line.

Eastern Highlands; The Eastern or 'East African Highlands'is a mountain range in the east of Zimbabwe and one of 4 distinct physiographic divisions on the African continent.

B) i. Western Plauteau

     ii. Western Plauteau

     iii. Central Lowlands

     iv. Eastern Highlands

     v. Western Plateau

C) i) 0 200

     ii) 200 500

16.  16. a, ii., iii., iv., v.

b, 100km

c, Cooper Creek

d, Sturt Stony Desert

e, South East

Advantages Disadvantages of a Long Coastline

There are many advantages and disadvantages of a Long Coastline. Some of these include
Advantages; - having more bodies of water means there are significantly more fisheries available meaning more foods and product

                    - again it means that there would of been alot more space for transportation of trade
                    - and with more area, there would be a lot more room for residential areas, for hotels, commercial buildings etc
Disadvantages - for this it means there is almost TOO much land
                       - with all this land the security of the land is low and the number of asylum seekers increase immensely
                       - and with all this excess land and long coastlines means the seas are crowded with many sea vessels

1.4 Geographical perspective on the orgins of Australia

1. Continental drift is well accepted as the movement of the Earth's continents
2. It is called Convection currents
3. Rodinia
4.750 million
5. South America, Africa, India, Antarctica and Australia
6. 5cm per day
7. 50 million years old
8. Weathering
9. The study of landforms
10, Studies landforms to determine the process that form and transform them.

1.1 - 1.3

1.1 Skill Master (mapping skills with Tasmania)

Use map 1.5 on pg 7 to answer the following questions.

---

* Required

Name * Surname First

1 Name the mountains at each of the following locations:

a 42˚16´S 145˚50´E

b 41˚47´S 146˚21´E

c 41˚41´S 145˚57´E

d 42˚56´S 146˚25´E

e 41˚24´S 147˚38´E.

2 Give the latitude and longitude (degrees and minutes) for each of the following:

a Hobart

b Swansea

c Stanley

d Launceston

e Port Arthur

3 Complete the following:

a King Island is found between latitude 39˚35´S and _143 47__, and longitude 143˚51´E and __________.

b The Furneaux group of islands are located between _______S and ______S, and between ______E and ______E.

c The Freycinet Peninsula extends from _____ S to _____ S on the _____ coast of Tasmania.

4 Write the scale of the map in words. 1;2500000

5 Use the scale to calculate the straight-line distance between Hobart and each of the mountains identified in question 1.

a 42˚16´S 145˚50´E

b 41˚47´S 146˚21´E

c 41˚41´S 145˚57´E

d 42˚56´S 146˚25´E

e 41˚24´S 147˚38´E.                                    

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 1.2 

1. 7.6 mill

2. 16.1 mill

3. Russian Federation, Canada, United states, China, Brazil

4. 25 times

5. 36 000km

6. Canada, 240 000

7. 8000

8.

9. Large area with small population 

10. 2800 residents, South Sydney

11. - As they are surrounded by large bodies of water

- are not bordered by any close or large countries

12. advantages

- more fisheries

- transportation for trade

- residential areas, for hotels etc

disadvantages

- too much land

- lots of asylum seekers are included

- seas are crowded with sea vessels etc

1.3

1.    1.50 000

2.    2. Time before time

3.     3.  Dreaming is the continuation of those spirits ancestors in the relationships between all living and non-living things. Dreaming stories contain valuable lessons about how to survive, where to find food and water, and how to avoid danger. Each aboriginal group has its own knowledge which is considered scared and is passed on by elders in stories, music and art.

4.    4.  The knowledge of Aboriginals can be passed on mainly by stories of Dream time and through generations of the tribes. Known as "story telling"

5.  5.  The physical and human elements of their environment as part of the same inter - connected 'country.'

6     6. As it is found in different forms in all Aboriginal Cultures

7.    7. As stated in the Serpent Story "She travelled all over the land, forming mountain ranges and deep channels with her body."

8.    8. As in the Serpent story it quotes "And the people know that if they take more fish than they can eat, or kill for greed or pleasure, or abuse the laws of the land in any way, the great mother serpent will come out of her hiding place in the water, and punish those who have broken her laws.

9.   9.  Magic and fantasy, the common theme and happenings in most of the sources tend to be very fantasied and unrealistic, for example, "the baby carriers was transformed into rock" taken from ' The story of Tnorala

10.   - Long time ago- women dancing in sky, forming Milky Way

- Women baby-carrier tipped over and fell to the Earth below

- The baby was then transformed into Rock Walls of Tnorala

- Located 175 km west of Alice Springs, is very sacred

11.   - They have stories that explain the formation of landforms

 They name to how they were and who there were "discovered" by

- Spiritual presence that continues to inhabit the landforms

- Treat land with respect and protect it from harm

- Custodians of the land

1.     I.  7.6 mi