Big Wave Questions

1.      1. Storms out in the middle of the sea, causing waves to go out in all directions, towards coastlines. The wave factory.

2.     2.  How they break. The big waves only happen when conditions are right. When the storms hit the wave factory, and when the large swell is coming to hit the coast. Wind speed, fetch (distance of water) and duration (how long the wind is going).

1.     

2.      2. Wave length, Vertical Height, and Period (when they break)

3.    3.   Plunging waves, that have a steep sand level beneath

4.     4.  Through the water, and is fixed and conserved within it. Wave energy stored in surface and ocean depth.

5.      5. Respect the waves, be safe, respect the others on the world. 

7.1 / 7.2

7.1

1) The settlement of the Australian population is mainly along the coastline which has impacts on the environment around it. Animals who breed in certain areas can no longer do so as urbanisation has occurred. Pollution of the water has meant some animals die.

2) Coastal Management strategies are important in the development of the coastline as it inputs restrictions to development along the coast. It may involve that you can't build anything with 50 meters of the sand or involve no development at all allowing the natural occurring cycles to continue unharmed.

3) 'Sea Change' refers to the transition of city people moving to the coast for a relaxed lifestyle

4) One government response to sea change has involved a population cap on how many people are allowed to build or develop in a coastal region.

5) Pollution has affected the coastal environment. By having storm waters drains which empty into the ocean they often carry with them rubbish and unnecessary minerals which pollute the water.

    Population Growth has affected the coastal environment by the population becoming more and more built near the coastline. This has resulted in some natural cycles being disturbed.

Introduced Plants affects the coastal environment as they can choke, hold or kill off native wildlife or choke native plants.

Tourism and Recreational Pressures have affected the coastal environment. By having interesting and fun actives near the coast it does provide a profit for the community however they impact the local enviroment. AN activity such as Four Wheel Driving creates pressure on the local community however if not managed

6) Geographers collect data which is essential  to creating management plans. Secondly, geographers understand the local environment and know what is supposed to be there and what is not to be there.

7.2

1) Waves created by wind, wind forms ripples which turns into wavelets and finally waves

2) Fetch is the distance wind travels over the ocean to form a wave

3) Waves in open ocean have a gradual slope making them suitable for body surfing where as waves closer into the shore hit the shallow sand banks which slows down the base of the wave and forms tubes for surfers to tube through.

Question 4)

 Question 5)

6) Plunging waves break on moderately sloped waves, spilling waves break far from beach on a gentle slope making ideal for body surfing and surging waves - very steep beaches cause erosion

7) Wind Swell waves travel short distance before hitting land and ground swell is that waves travel longer distance before hitting waves.

Big Waves- Shipsterns Bluff

Communities do not remain static, but continually experience change. There are many inter connected factors that contribute to the changes and differences between and within communities. In a world that is experiencing rapid globalisation it is important for decision-makers within communities to understand and respond to these changes

Describe the factors causing change in relation to Australia's communities.

Include in your response:

• the location of a community effected
• Roseville is located between the suburbs of Chatswood and Lindfield. It is right off the pacific highway and at a good distance between the beaches and the City, being not too close, but not far away. 
• the specific characteristics of this community (eg. rural/urban, population, ethnicity, age, any other characteristics that make it a community).
• Roseville is a significantly cultural and age-variable community. It is completely urban, with no nearby forests or environments of rural nature. With its close proximity to Chatswood, the culture is of high Asian percentage. Caucasians tend to take up the rest of the percentage. Roseville is a quieter more relaxed community, with little to no high rising apartment blocks. 
• Description of the factors causing change in your chosen community.
• The culture: with the constant rise of different cultures, the change in the predominant culture has been modified. There has also been additions of smaller apartment blocks with the rising population. 
• Describe the effects of those changes upon your chosen community.
• The effects of these modifications are significant. With these additions, it over crowds our community and the "quite" "relaxed" culture of our society is being rapidly diminished. And with the changing culture, the Australian community is weakened.  

109 8 11

8 a)South West
   b) i South West
       ii North
       iii North West
9 a) 621 538
   ii) 621 527
   iii) 632 541
   b) i 62 53
       ii 63 53
       iii 61 51
   c) i 10 approx km
       ii 20 km
       iii 1 km
    d)i Forest Wood and Scrub Land and open plain
       ii Scrub and Low Density
10 4.6 as it is a larger number
11

117

Pg. 117

1 Name one federal and one state government department that fund and help with projects in small and regional towns.
The federal government does in fact fund small regional towns 
2 Name two government programs that Gulargambone has used to receive funding for various projects.
The regional partnership program and the Rural transaction Centres program
3 What is a rural transaction centre and why is it important?
It is a community owned post office that takes care of all business associated with Medicare, internet etc.
4 What services does the GRTC offer?
Medicare, internet, reliance credit union etc.
5 How have community groups responded to change in Gulargambone?
They have responded extremely well encouraging and rallying government support on all levels to establish stronger populational growth. 
6 Give three examples of specific actions and strategies the Gulargambone Flying Ahead group has implemented in response to changes.
They have constructed a galvanised Galah as their towns symbol and given their town a logo, restored and renovated buildings and also built further centres. 
7 What was the purpose of the two eight two eight project?

1 to increase the population and services that are available
2 to improve the visual appearance of the town
3 to promote Gulargambone
4 to increase police presence
5 to establish youth projects.

8 Outline some examples of active citizenship in the achievements that Gulargambone has made since 2000.
They have since 2002 opened the Rural transaction centre, built a new multi purpose health centre and renovated and restored some old town centres such as the theatres. 
9 Outline the role of the local government, Coonamble Shire Council, in the implementation of the Gulargambone Flying Ahead program Application
They have provided funding and help for this program
10 View the before and after photos in 4.24. Describe the changes that have taken place to renew and renovate this area.
It has been neatly restored with painting and a new garden bead in place
11 In a paragraph discuss the importance of active citizenship in small communities like Gulargambone.
Active citizenship is important in this town because everyone needs to chip in and pull their weight in order to restore and advertise their town. The larger the number of participants the easier the job becomes.12 Read the news article:
a What is the article about?
About the community's effort in the restoration of their town.b According to the writer what are the causes of the decline in Gulargambone?
The closure of many services such as shops, retailers, cafe's and banks.c What are the impacts of the decline?
Impacts on the populationd What caused the community to galvanise into action?
The closure of the local post office and soon to be closure of their hospitale Why is the post office so important?
Because the closest post office was over two hours awayf List the projects that the community has completed.
restoration of the theatres, built a symbolic Galah and now heads it's own post office.

pg 113

pg 113
1. How does drought affect rural communities?
It affects them in that they have trouble with their crop plantations and their livestock.
2. What was a consequence of the soldier settler blocks being sold?
Steady population decline
3. What 3 main factors have caused a decline in ag?
Collapse of wool industry, the rising of cost in ag, and the returns they received from ag have not kept in pace with the rising cost of ag
4. How many mechanization contributed to unemployment?
Many jobs can now be more efficiently done with machinery resulting in machines often taking preference over the working force and many people lost their job because of industrial development
5. How do lifestyle factors and better roads and transport contribute to the decline in small country towns like Gulramboorge?
Because it allows for people to travel to larger communities for better education and employment options.
6. Give three pieces of evidence of rural decline in Gurlgambone?

8 Refer to 4.12. Describe the trend in the population of

Gulargambone over the past 50 years.

Population steadily declined due to occasional increase due to factors such as the soldiers ressetlement scheme and better transport.

9 Refer to 4.14. Describe the unusual shape of the population pyramid for Gulargambone. Suggest reasons for this shape.

There is typically more elderly men and more young women with the majority consisting of children between ages of 0-4 years old. This is due to the government schemes, with pensions being handed over to woman with new born babies. 

10 Refer to 4.18.

a Describe the trend in the enrolments of Gulargambone

Central School over the past 50 years.

The trend is that of a steadily declining enrollment after every year.

b Use all the information in this chapter to explain the

trends displayed in this graph.

This can be accounted for things like that of better transportation which allows for the communities to travel further to the larger communities for better education and employment opportunities 

11 Give an example of one social, economic and environmental

factor that has caused change in Gulargambone.

a social impact is that of better opportunities for employment/education elsewhere
a economic impact is that of better infrastructure such as roads and other transportation methods
a environmental impact is that of drought